System and method for dynamically resizing computational infrastructure to accommodate unexpected demands

ABSTRACT

A system includes a subsystem, a database, a memory, and a processor. The subsystem includes a computational resource associated with a resource usage and having a capacity corresponding to a maximum resource usage value. The database stores training data that includes historical resource usages and historical events. The memory stores a machine learning algorithm that is trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of an event, that a future value of the resource usage at a future time will be greater than the maximum value. The processor detects that the event has occurred. In response, the processor applies the machine learning algorithm to predict that the future value of the resource usage will be greater than the maximum value. Prior to the future time, the processor increases the capacity of the computational resource to accommodate the future value of the resource usage.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to memory and processing resource usage during multicomputer data transfers in digital processing systems, and more particularly, to a system and method for dynamically resizing computational infrastructure to accommodate unexpected demands.

BACKGROUND

Computational systems maintained by large organizations often include multiple subsystems that cooperatively process data. The infrastructure supporting these subsystems is typically sized based on the computational demands that each subsystem is expected to experience. This infrastructure sizing is generally static and predetermined. As a result, the pre-sized infrastructure is ill-equipped to meet unexpected computational demands.

SUMMARY

Organizations often maintain multiple computational subsystems that they use to cooperatively process data. For example, a first application operating on a first subsystem may generate, as output, a set of data that is used, as input, by a second application operating on a second subsystem. The infrastructure supporting these subsystems is typically sized based on the computational demands that each system is expected to experience. For example, each subsystem may be provided with an amount of memory, CPUs, and/or external storage space that is sized to accommodate the maximum computational demands expected to be experienced by the subsystem. This infrastructure sizing is generally static and predetermined.

Occasionally, however, unexpected events may occur that lead to unusually large demands on the computational resources of one or more of the subsystems. Because these subsystems were initially provisioned with amounts of resources suitable to meet expected demands, they may be unable to support any unexpected increases in demand. As a result, one or more applications running on the subsystems may fail. While overprovisioning the subsystems during development may enable the subsystems to accommodate any unexpected increases in demand, this is typically not desirable because the extra resources assigned to the subsystems typically sit idle for a majority of the time, when they could be used for other purposes.

This disclosure contemplates a real-time capacity optimizing tool that may be used to monitor a set of subsystems and to identify events (both internal and external to the system) that may lead to an overutilization of the computational resources of one or more of the subsystems. In particular, the tool uses a machine learning algorithm to predict that the occurrence of an event may lead to future increases in the demand for one or more of the computational resources that may overwhelm those resources. In response to identifying a computational resource that may be subject to increased future demand that will overwhelm the resource, the tool may dynamically increase the capacity of the computational resource, such that the capacity is sufficient to accommodate the predicted future demand. An embodiment of the tool is described below.

According to an embodiment, a system includes a first subsystem, a database, a memory, and a hardware processor communicatively coupled to the memory. The first subsystem includes a first computational resource. The first computational resource has a capacity and is associated with a resource usage. The capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource. The database stores training data. The training data includes a set of historical data for the first subsystem, and a first set of historical events. The set of historical data includes values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over a period of time. Each historical event of the first set of historical events occurs at an event time and is associated with an increase in the resource usage of the first computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time. The memory stores a machine learning algorithm. The machine learning algorithm is trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of an event, that a future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at a future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource. The hardware processor detects that the event has occurred. In response to detecting that the event has occurred, the processor applies the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource. Prior to the future time, the processor also increases the capacity of the first computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource. The new maximum value is greater that the future value.

Certain embodiments provide one or more technical advantages. As an example, an embodiment uses a machine learning algorithm to automatically identify events that may lead to increased demand on the computational resources of one or more subsystems within a larger system. As another example, an embodiment dynamically resizes one or more computational resources to accommodate predicted future increases in the demand for those resources. As a further example, an embodiment conserves computational resources by avoiding a need to overprovision subsystems in order to accommodate potential unexpected increases in resource demand. The system described in the present disclosure may particularly be integrated into a practical application of a computational resource capacity optimizing tool for use by an organization to help prevent failures of applications running on the organization's computational resources by identifying events that may lead to an overutilizing of one or more of those computational resources, and adjusting the capacities of the resources accordingly.

Certain embodiments may include none, some, or all of the above technical advantages. One or more other technical advantages may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art form the figures, descriptions, and claims included herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates an example computational resource capacity optimization system;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the process by which the capacity optimizing tool of the system of FIG. 1 identifies an event as likely leading to an increased demand on the computational resources of one or more subsystems, and adjusts the capacities of these resources to accommodate this increased demand;

FIG. 3 presents a flowchart illustrating an example method by which the capacity optimizing tool of the system of FIG. 1 automatically adjusts the capacities of one or more computational resources within the system, to accommodate predicted increases in demand for these resources; and

FIG. 4 presents a flowchart illustrating an example method by which the capacity optimizing tool of the system of FIG. 1 generates alerts for applications executing in shared environments, to help prevent predicted future increases in the demands for shared computational resources by one application from adversely affected the other applications.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present disclosure and its advantages may be understood by referring to FIGS. 1 through 4 of the drawings, like numerals being used for like and corresponding parts of the various drawings.

I. System Overview

FIG. 1 illustrates an example computational resource capacity optimization system 100 that includes capacity optimizing tool 102, user(s) 104, device(s) 106, subsystems 108 a through 108 c, resource buffer 120, network 122, external server 124, and database 126. Generally, capacity optimizing tool 102: (1) monitors subsystems 108 and/or external server 124 for events 138 a/b that may lead to unexpected increases in the demand for any of the computational resources (e.g., processor resources 110, memory resources 112, application resources 114) of subsystems 108 a through 108 c; (2) detects one or more events 138 a/b that the tool predicts will lead to demands on one or more of the computational resources of subsystems 108 a through 108 c that may overwhelm the resource(s); and (3) in response to detecting such event(s), dynamically increases the size of the computational resource(s) of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. The manner by which capacity optimizing tool 102 performs such tasks will be described in further detail below, in the discussion of FIGS. 2 through 4 .

Devices 106 are used by users 104 located on network 122 to communicate with capacity optimizing tool 102 and/or subsystems 108 a through 108 c. As an example, in certain embodiments, user 104 may use device 106 to transmit a message 140 to at least one of first subsystem 108 a, second subsystem 108 b, and third subsystem 108 c, instructing the subsystem to execute an application 114 stored in the memory 112 of the subsystem. As another example, in certain embodiments, user 104 may use device 106 to transmit data 140 to at least one of first subsystem 108 a, second subsystem 108 b, and third subsystem 108 c, for use by an application 114 installed on the subsystem. As another example, in certain embodiments, user 104 may use device 106 to receive a message 142 from capacity optimizing tool 102, notifying user 104 that the tool has performed an action on one or more of subsystems 108 a through 108 c to (1) prevent a potential future increase in resource demand from overwhelming one or more of the computational resources 110/112 of subsystems 108 a through 108 c, and/or (2) release extra capacity from one or more of the computational resources 110/112 of subsystem 108 a through 108 c.

Devices 106 include any appropriate device for communicating with components of system 100 over network 122. For example, devices 106 may be a telephone, a mobile phone, a computer, a laptop, a wireless or cellular telephone, a tablet, a server, an IoT device, and/or an automated assistant, among others. This disclosure contemplates devices 106 being any appropriate device for sending and receiving communications over network 122. Device 106 may also include a user interface, such as a display, a microphone, keypad, or other appropriate terminal equipment usable by user 104. In some embodiments, an application executed by a processor of device 106 may perform the functions described herein.

Subsystems 108 a through 108 c include any systems capable of receiving data, processing data, generating data, transmitting data, and/or performing any other suitable functions. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1 , first subsystem 108 a is a system configured to transmit output data 116 to second subsystem 108 b; second subsystem 108 b is a system configured to receive output data 116, process data 116, generate its own output data 118, and transmit output data 118 to third subsystem 108 c; third subsystem 108 c is a system configured to receive and process output data 118. Data 116/118 may be any type of data. For example, data 116/118 may include an image, a video, an audio file, a spreadsheet, a text file, a source code file, a binary file, an HTML file, a combination of the preceding, or any other suitable form of data. In certain embodiments, data 116/118 may be core data (e.g., the core data within the organization to which subsystems 108 a through 108 c belong). While illustrated in FIG. 1 as including three subsystems 108 a through 108 c, system 100 may include any number of subsystems 108.

Each subsystem 108 a through 108 c includes and/or is otherwise associated with one or more computational resources. For example, subsystem 108 a includes processor 110 a and memory 112 a, subsystem 108 b includes processor 110 b and memory 112 b, and subsystem 108 c includes processor 110 c and memory 112 c. Each processor 110 a through 110 c has a capacity and is associated with a resource usage corresponding to a percentage of the total capacity. For example, processor 110 a may correspond to one or more CPUs having a total capacity of 3.4 GHz and a resource usage anywhere between 0 and 3.4 GHz. Similarly, each memory 112 a through 112 c has a capacity and is associated with a resource usage corresponding to a percentage of the total capacity. As an example, memory 112 a may correspond to RAM having a capacity of 4 GB and a resource usage between 0 and 4 GB. As another example, memory 112 a may correspond to a storage device having a capacity of 1 TB and a resource usage between 0 and 1 TB.

In certain embodiments, subsystems 108 a through 108 c may include cloud-based servers. For example, subsystems 108 a through 108 c may include virtual servers running in a cloud computing environment that is offered by a hosting provider. In some embodiments, subsystems 108 a through 108 c may include on-premises, physical servers. For example, subsystems 108 a through 108 c may include physical servers located in a datacenter operated by an organization running capacity optimizing tool 102.

Processors 110 a through 110 c of subsystems 108 a through 108 c are any electronic circuitry, including, but not limited to central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), application specific instruction set processor (ASIP), and/or state machines, that communicatively couple to memories 112 a through 112 c and control the operations of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. Processors 110 a through 110 c may be 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit or of any other suitable architecture. Processors 110 a through 110 c may include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing arithmetic and logic operations, processor registers that supply operands to the ALU and store the results of ALU operations, and a control unit that fetches instructions from memory and executes them by directing the coordinated operations of the ALU, registers and other components. Processors 110 a through 110 c may include other hardware and software that operates to control and process information. Processors 110 a and 110 c execute software stored on memory to perform any of the functions described herein. Processors 110 a through 110 c each control the operation and administration of their corresponding subsystem 108 a through 108 c by processing information received from device(s) 106, any of the other subsystems 108 a through 108 c, resource buffer 120, network 122, external server 124, database 126, and/or corresponding memory of memories 112 a through 112 c. Processors 110 a through 110 c may be programmable logic devices, microcontrollers, microprocessors, any suitable processing devices, or any suitable combination of the preceding. Processors 110 a through 110 c are not limited to single processing devices and may encompass multiple processing devices.

Memories 112 a through 112 c of subsystems 108 a through 108 c may store, either permanently or temporarily, data, operational software, or other information for the corresponding processor 110 a through 110 c. Memories 112 a through 112 c may include any one or a combination of volatile or non-volatile local or remote devices suitable for storing information. For example, memories 112 a through 112 c may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, or any other suitable information storage device or a combination of these devices. The software represents any suitable set of instructions, logic, or code embodied in a computer-readable storage medium. For example, the software may be embodied in each of memories 112 a through 112 c, a disk, a CD, or a flash drive. In particular embodiments, the software may include an application executable by the corresponding processor 110 a through 110 c to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

In certain embodiments, memories 112 a through 112 c of subsystems 108 a through 108 c also store computer readable instructions in the form of one or more applications 114. For example, memory 112 a of first subsystem 108 a may store computer readable instructions corresponding to first application 114 a and/or second application 114 b, memory 112 b of second subsystem 108 b may store computer readable instructions corresponding to third application 114 c and/or fourth application 114 d, and memory 112 c of third subsystem 108 c may store computer readable instructions corresponding to fifth application 114 e. Applications 114 a through 114 e may be any applications configured, when executed by processors 110, to receive input data, process input data, generate output data, transmit output data, and/or perform any other suitable functions. When executing, applications 114 a through 114 e consume at least a portion of computational resources 110/112. For example, when executing on processor 110 a, first application 114 a is associated with a first resource usage of processor 110 a and a first resource usage of memory 112 a and second application 114 b is associated with a second resource usage of processor 110 a and a second resource usage of memory 112 a.

In certain embodiments, applications 114 are associated with internal events 138 b. Internal events 138 b include any events that may lead to an unexpected and/or unusual increase in computational resource consumption by any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. As an example, an internal event 138 b may correspond to the presence of an infinite loop within one of applications 114 a through 114 e. For example, the presence of an infinite loop within first application 114 a may result in first subsystem 108 a continuously generating output data 116, which it then sends to second subsystem 108 b. As another example, an internal event 138 b may correspond to an application 114 processing an unusually complex set of inputs, leading to a long running job. As a further example, an internal event 138 b may correspond to an application 114 a (executing on subsystem 108 a) updating core data 116 and transmitting the all or a portion of the updated core data 116 to one or more of subsystems 108 b and 108 c.

Resource buffer 120 includes computational resources that may be added to any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c to increase the capacity of the existing computational resources 110/112 assigned to those subsystems. For example, resource buffer 120 may include processing resources (e.g., CPUs, GPUs, etc.) that may be added to the processing resources 110 a of first subsystem 108 a, the processing resources 110 b of second subsystem 108 b, and/or the processing resources 110 c of third subsystem 108 c. Similarly, resource buffer 120 may include memory resources (e.g., RAM, storage devices, etc.) that may be added to the memory resources 112 a of first subsystem 108 a, the memory resources 112 b of second subsystem 108 b, and/or the memory resources 112 c of third subsystems 108 c. The computational resources in resource buffer 120 may be added to any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c in any suitable manner. As an example, in certain embodiments, resource buffer 120 corresponds to virtual resources available in a cloud computing environment. In such embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may submit a request 142 to the cloud computing host, requesting that computational resources from resource buffer 120 be added to one or more of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. As another example, in certain embodiments, resource buffer 120 corresponds to physical computational resources available to an organization. In certain such embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may send an instruction 142 to a system administrator, instructing the administrator to add computational resources from resource buffer 120 to one or more of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. As a further example, in some embodiments, subsystems 108 a through 108 c may be directly connected to resource buffer 120 (e.g., resource buffer 120 is a shared pool of configurable computing resources accessible to each of subsystems 108 a through 108 c). In such embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may allocate a portion of the computational resources in buffer 120 to one or more subsystems 108 a through 108 c and instruct the subsystems to use these resources.

Network 122 facilitates communication between and amongst the various components of system 100. This disclosure contemplates network 122 being any suitable network operable to facilitate communication between such components. Network 122 may include any interconnecting system capable of transmitting audio, video, signals, data, messages, or any combination of the preceding. Network 122 may include all or a portion of a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a public or private data network, a local area network (LAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a wide area network (WAN), a local, regional, or global communication or computer network, such as the Internet, a wireline or wireless network, an enterprise intranet, or any other suitable communication link, including combinations thereof, operable to facilitate communication between the components. For example, in certain embodiments, network 122 represents both an internal, local network that facilitates communication between capacity optimizing tool 102 and devices 106, subsystems 108, and/or database 126, as well as an external network that facilitates communication between capacity optimizing tool 102 and external server 124.

External server 124 corresponds to any external system from which capacity optimizing tool 102 may obtaining information related to external events 138 a. External events 138 a may include any events that may lead to an increase in resource consumption by any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. For example, an external event 138 a may correspond to the announcement/launch of a new consumer good or service, a weather event, a political event, a sporting event, and/or any other event that may affect the organization to which subsystems 108 a through 108 c belong in a manner that leads to an increase in resource consumption by any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. In certain embodiments, external server 124 publishes publicly available information that capacity optimizing tool 102 may access over network 122 in order to determine that an external event 138 a has occurred. For example, in certain embodiments, external server 124 is a web server associated with one or more websites accessible to capacity optimizing tool 102 over network 122. While, for simplicity, FIG. 1 illustrates a single external server 124, system 100 may include any number of external servers 124, accessible to capacity optimizing tool 102 over network 122.

Database 126 stores historical usage data 128 and historical events 130. Historical usage data 128 includes historical values of the resource usages of subsystems 108 a through 108 c over time. For example, for each subsystem 110 a through 110 c, database 126 may store historical data 128 a through 128 c, respectively, corresponding to the historical resource usages of processors 110 a through 110 c and memories 112 a through 112 c, collected from the subsystems over time. For each subsystem 110, historical data 124 may include the percentage and/or absolute usages of the subsystem's processor 110 and/or memory 112 over time. In some embodiments, historical data 124 may include the percentage and/or absolute usages of processors 110 a through 110 c and memories 112 a through 112 c by each application 114 a through 114 e executing on subsystem 108 a through 108 c. In certain embodiments, historical data 128 is collected from each subsystem 108 at regular time intervals. For example, historical data 128 may be collected from each subsystem 108 every second, minute, or any other appropriate time interval. In some embodiments, historical data 128 may be collected from each subsystem 108 at irregular intervals.

Historical events 130 include any historical events that may have affected the past resource usages of any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c. Historical events 130 may include past external events 138 a as well as past internal events 138 b. For example, historical events 130 a through 130 m may include: (1) announcements/launches of new consumer goods or services; (2) weather events; (3) political events; (4) sports events; (5) updates to core data; (6) an infinite loop or other error present in an application 114; (7) a long running job executing on a subsystem 108; and/or (8) any other internal or external past event that may have led to an increase in the consumption of one or more computational resources 110/112 of subsystems 108 a through 108 c.

As seen in FIG. 1 , capacity optimizing tool 102 includes a processor 132 and a memory 134. This disclosure contemplates processor 132 and memory 134 being configured to perform any of the functions of capacity optimizing tool 102 described herein. Generally, capacity optimizing tool 102: (1) collects resource usage data from subsystems 108 a through 108 c and stores it as historical usage data 128 in database 126; (2) monitors for external events 138 a and internal events 138 b that may lead to an unexpected increase in the consumption of computational resources by any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c; (3) applies machine learning algorithm 136 to predict that a given event 138 a/b will lead to an increased demand on the computational resources of one or more subsystems 108 a through 108 c, as described in further detail below, in the discussion of FIG. 2 ; and (4) dynamically resizes the computational resources associated with the increased demand, as described in further detail below, in the discussion of FIGS. 2 and 3 . In certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may additionally predict that a given event 138 a/b will lead to a given application 114 consuming an increased amount of the computational resources of a subsystem 108, and alert any other applications sharing those computational resources of this prediction, as described in further detail below, in the discussion of FIG. 4 .

Processor 132 is any electronic circuitry, including, but not limited to central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), microprocessors, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), application specific instruction set processor (ASIP), and/or state machines, that communicatively couples to memory 134 and controls the operation of capacity optimizing tool 102. Processor 132 may be 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit or of any other suitable architecture. Processor 132 may include an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for performing arithmetic and logic operations, processor registers that supply operands to the ALU and store the results of ALU operations, and a control unit that fetches instructions from memory and executes them by directing the coordinated operations of the ALU, registers and other components. Processor 132 may include other hardware and software that operates to control and process information. Processor 132 executes software stored on memory to perform any of the functions described herein. Processor 132 controls the operation and administration of capacity optimizing tool 102 by processing information received from device(s) 106, subsystems 108 a through 108 c, resource buffer 120, network 122, external system 124, database 126, and/or memory 134. Processor 132 may be a programmable logic device, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, any suitable processing device, or any suitable combination of the preceding. Processor 132 is not limited to a single processing device and may encompass multiple processing devices.

Memory 134 may store, either permanently or temporarily, data, operational software, or other information for processor 132. Memory 134 may include any one or a combination of volatile or non-volatile local or remote devices suitable for storing information. For example, memory 134 may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, or any other suitable information storage device or a combination of these devices. The software represents any suitable set of instructions, logic, or code embodied in a computer-readable storage medium. For example, the software may be embodied in memory 134, a disk, a CD, or a flash drive. In particular embodiments, the software may include an application executable by processor 132 to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

In certain embodiments, memory 134 also stores machine learning algorithm 136. Machine learning algorithm 136 is any algorithm that has been trained to predict that an external event 138 a and/or internal event 138 b may lead to an increase in the consumption of any of computational resources 110 a though 110 c and/or 112 a through 112 c. As an example, machine learning algorithm 136 may be trained to predict that an event 138 a/b may lead to an increase in the consumption of computational resources 110 a and/or 112 a of subsystem 108 a at a time in the future. As another example, machine learning algorithm 136 may be trained to predict that an event 138 a/b may lead to an increase in the consumption of computational resources 110 a and/or 112 a of subsystem 108 a by application 114 a at a time in the future. In certain embodiments, machine learning algorithm 136 is trained to identify the time at which the increased consumption is likely to begin. In some embodiments, machine learning algorithm 136 is trained to identify a range of time over which the increased consumption is likely to occur. Machine learning algorithm 136 may be a linear/logistic regression algorithm, a decision tree, a neural network, and/or any other suitable machine learning algorithm.

Machine learning algorithm 136 may be trained to predict that an event 138 a/b may lead to an increase in the consumption of any of computational resources 110 a through 110 c and/or 112 a through 112 c in any suitable manner. As an example, in certain embodiments, machine learning algorithm 136 is trained using historical usage data 128 and historical events 130 stored in database 126. For example, the training process may include machine learning algorithm 136 learning to recognize patterns in historical usage data 128 and historical events 130 (for example, how the historical resource usages 128 a through 128 n are affected by certain historical events 130 a through 130 m) and to apply this learning to new events 138 a/b, to make predictions about the effect of these on future resource usage values. In certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 trains machine learning algorithm 136. In some embodiments, machine learning algorithm 136 is trained by an external system.

Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to the systems described herein without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, system 100 may include any number of users 104, devices 106, subsystems 108 a through 108 c, resource buffers 120, networks 122, external systems 124, and databases 126. The components may be integrated or separated. Moreover, the operations may be performed by more, fewer, or other components. Additionally, the operations may be performed using any suitable logic comprising software, hardware, and/or other logic.

II. Dynamically Resizing Computational Resources to Accommodate Future Demand

FIG. 2 presents an example of the process by which capacity optimizing tool 102 may predict that an event 138 will lead to an increased consumption of any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c, belonging to subsystems 108 a through 108 c, respectively. While FIG. 1 illustrates each subsystem 108 a through 108 c as including multiple computational resources (e.g., processors 110 a through 110 c and memories 112 a through 112 c), for simplicity, FIG. 2 illustrates each subsystem 108 a through 108 c as having a single computational resource 202 a through 202 c, respectively. Computational resources 202 a through 202 c may correspond to processors 110 a through 110 c, respectively, memories 112 a through 112 c, respectively, and/or any other suitable computational resources. Each computational resource 202 a through 202 c is associated with a maximum capacity 204 a through 204 c, respectively.

As illustrated in FIG. 2 , capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors for events 138. An event 138 may correspond to an internal event associated with one or more subsystems 108 a through 108 c or an external event occurring outside of system 100. Capacity optimizing tool 102 may detect an internal event 138 by monitoring the computational resource usages of subsystems 108 a through 108 c, by monitoring communications to/from any of subsystems 108 a through 108 c, and/or in any other suitable manner. Capacity optimizing tool 102 may detect an external event 138 by monitoring information published by and/or otherwise available through one or more external servers 124. For example, where external server 124 corresponds to a web server, capacity optimizing tool 102 may detect an external event 138 using web scraping techniques.

In response to detecting the occurrence of an event 138 at time 208, capacity optimizing tool 102 applies machine learning algorithm 136 to predict the effect that the event 138 may have on the future resource usages 210 of subsystems 108 a through 108 c at a future time 212. For example, machine learning algorithm 136 may predict that the event will lead to an increased demand on computational resource 202 b resulting in an increase future resource usage 210 of computational resource 202 b, occurring at future time 212, where future time 212 can be any time from the time that event 138 occurred, onwards. In response to predicting future resource usage 210, capacity optimizing tool 102 performs decision 214, to determine whether computational resource 202 b has available capacity to support future resource usage 210. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may determine whether future resource usage 210 is less than maximum capacity 204 b.

In response to determining that computational resource 202 b does not have available capacity to support future resource usage 210, capacity optimizing tool 102 generates instruction 142. Instruction 142 is an instruction to increase the capacity of computational resource 202 b. In certain embodiments, instruction 142 is executed by capacity optimizing tool 102, prior to future time 212, to increase the capacity of computational resource 202 b. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may dynamically add computational resources from buffer 120 to computational resource 202 b to increase the capacity 204 b of computational resource 202 b, such that the capacity is able to support future resource usage 210. In certain embodiments where subsystems 108 a through 108 c are part of a cloud computing environment, instruction 142 may be transmitted to the hosting provider of subsystems 108 a through 108 c (e.g., a cloud computing host), for execution by the hosting provider. For example, instruction 142 may be a request for additional capacity to be added to computational resource 202 b. In response to receiving such a request, the hosting provider may identify computational resources from resource buffer 120 (e.g., a shared pool of available computational resources) that are sufficient to accommodate this additional capacity, and dynamically allocate these resources to computational resource 202 b, thereby increasing its capacity 204 b. In some embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may transmit instruction 142 to a system administrator 104, instructing the system administrator to physically adjust the computational resources 202 b. For example, in response to receiving an instruction to increase the capacity of the RAM associated with subsystem 108 b, a system administrator 104 may physically add one or more RAM cards to subsystem 108 b.

In certain embodiments, machine learning algorithm 136 may predict that the demands on multiple computational resources 202 a through 202 c may increase in response to a given event 138. For example, in addition to predicting that the demand on computational resource 202 b of subsystem 108 b will increase in response to event 138, as described above, capacity optimizing tool 102 may also predict that the demand on computational resources 202 a and/or 202 c may increase in response to event 138. In response, capacity optimizing tool 102 may perform a similar process as that described above for computational resource 202 b, increasing the capacities of computational resources 202 a and/or 202 c if the predicted future usages 210 of these resources exceed their available capacities 204 a and 204 c.

In certain embodiments, increasing the computational resources 202 b of second subsystem 108 b to accommodate future resource usage 210 at a future time 212 may lead to an increased demand on the computational resources 202 c of third subsystem 108 c after future time 212. For example, the increased demands on computational resources 202 b may arise from an increased amount of data 116 arriving at second subsystem 108 b for processing, as illustrated in FIG. 1 . By increasing the capacity 204 b of computational resources 202 b, capacity optimizing tool 102 may enable second subsystem 108 b to process data 116, which, in certain embodiments, may result in second subsystem 108 b generating and transmitting an unexpectedly large amount of output data 118 to third subsystem 108 c. The arrival of output data 118 may place increased demands on the computational resources 202 c of third subsystem 108 c. The manner by which capacity optimizing tool 102 may automatically act to address such a situation is described in detail below, in the discussion of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 3 presents a flowchart (described in conjunction with elements of FIG. 2 ) illustrating an example method 300 by which capacity optimizing tool 102 may automatically adjust the capacities 204 a through 204 c of computational resources 202 a through 202 c to accommodate increases in demand for these resources arising directly and/or indirectly from events 138. In step 302 capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors subsystems 108 a through 108 c and external server 124 for events 138 that may lead to increased demand on computational resources 202 a through 202 c. In step 304 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether the tool has detected such an event 138.

If, in step 304 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that it has detected an event 138 that may lead to an increased demand on any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c, in step 306 capacity optimizing tool 102 applies machine learning algorithm 136 to predict future resource usages 210 for computational resources 202 a through 202 c. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may apply machine learning algorithm 136 to predict a future resource usage 210 for computational resource 202 b at future time 212. In step 308, capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether a predicted future resource usage 210 of a computational resource 202 a through 202 c will exceed the available capacity 204 a through 204 c of the computational resource. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether predicted future resource usage 210 of computational resource 202 b (belonging to second subsystem 108 b) will exceed capacity 204 b of computational resource 202 b. If, in step 308, capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that none of the predicted future resource usages 210 of computational resources 202 a through 202 c will exceed the available capacities 204 a through 204 c of the computational resources, method 300 returns to step 302, where capacity optimizing tool 102 continues to monitor for events 138.

If, in step 308 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that a predicted future resource usage 210 of a computational resource 202 a through 202 c will exceed the corresponding capacity 204 a through 204 c of the computational resource, in step 310 capacity optimizing tool 102 increases the capacity of the computational resource. For example, if, in step 308 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that a predicted future resource usage 210 of computational resource 202 b will exceed the capacity 204 b of computational resource 202 b, in step 310 capacity optimizing tool 102 increases capacity 204 b by adding resources from buffer 120 to computational resource 202 b. In step 312 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether the subsystem 108 to which the computational resource with the newly increased capacity belongs is attempting to transmit data 116/118 to another subsystem 108. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether second subsystem 108 b is attempting to transmit data 118 to third subsystem 108 c. If, in step 312 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that the subsystem 108 to which the computational resource with the newly increased capacity belongs is not attempting to transmit data 116/118 to another subsystem 108, in step 322 capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors the resource usages of computational resources 202 a through 202 c.

If, in step 312 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that the subsystem 108 to which the computational resource with the newly increased capacity belongs is attempting to transmit data 116/118 to another subsystem 108, in step 314 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether receiving and/or processing data 116/118 is likely to overwhelm the computational resources of the subsystem 108 at a future time. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether receiving and/or processing data 118 is likely to overwhelm computational resources 202 c of third subsystem 108 c at a future time. If, in step 314 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that receiving and/or processing data 116/118 is not likely to overwhelm the computational resources of the subsystem 108 at a future time, method 300 proceeds to step 322.

If, in step 314 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that receiving and/or processing data 116/118 is likely to overwhelm the computational resources of the subsystem 108 at a future time, in step 316 capacity optimizing tool 102 prevents data 116/118 from reaching the subsystem 108 before the future time. For example, in response to determining that receiving and/or processing data 118 is likely to overwhelm computational resources 202 c of third subsystem 108 c at a future time, in step 316 capacity optimizing tool 102 prevents data 118 from reaching third subsystem 108 c prior to the future time. In certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 prevents data 118 from reaching third subsystem 108 c by preventing second subsystem 108 b from transmitting data 118 to third subsystem 108 c. In some embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 allows second subsystem 108 b to transmit data 118 to third subsystem 108 c, but prevents third subsystem 108 c from storing data 118 in memory 112 c and/or using processor 110 c to process data 118. In certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 redirects data 118 to a storage device external to third subsystem 108 c (e.g., resource buffer 120), for temporary storage. In step 318 capacity optimizing tool 102 increases the capacity of the computation resource of the subsystem to which data 116/118 was sent. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 increases capacity 204 c of computational resource 202 c of third subsystem 108 c by adding resources from buffer 120 to computational resource 202 c. In step 320 capacity optimizing tool 102 allows data 116/118 to reach the subsystem 108 to which it was sent. For example, after increasing capacity 204 c of computational resource 202 c of third subsystem 108 c, capacity optimizing tool 102 allows data 118 to reach subsystem 108 c. As an example, capacity optimizing tool 102 allows second subsystem 108 b to transmit data 118 to third subsystem 108 c. As another example, capacity optimizing tool 102 directs data 118 being temporarily stored in a storage device external to third subsystem 108 c (e.g., resource buffer 120) back to third subsystem 108 c, so that third subsystem 108 c may process the data.

In step 322 capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors the resource usages of computational resources 202 a through 202 c. In step 324 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c have excess capacity. This may occur, for example, after the effects of an event 138 have subsided. Capacity optimizing tool 102 may determine that one or more of computational resources 202 a through 202 c has excess capacity in any suitable manner. For example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may determine that computational resource 202 a has excess capacity where the resource usage of computational resource 202 a has remained below a given threshold for a set period of time. If, in step 324 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that none of computational resources 202 a through 202 c has excess capacity, method 300 returns to step 322. If, in step 324 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that one or more of computational resources 202 a through 202 c has excess capacity, in step 326 capacity optimizing tool 102 removes the excess capacity. As an example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 releases computational resources back to resource buffer 120. As another example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 transmits an instruction 142 to release computational resources. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may transmit an instruction 142 to a hosting provider of subsystems 108 a through 108 c (e.g., a cloud computing host), for execution by the hosting provider to release excess capacity. In some embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may transmit an instruction 142 to a system administrator 104, instructing the system administrator to physically release computational resources from subsystems 108 a through 108 c. For instance, in response to receiving an instruction 142 to reduce the capacity of the RAM associated with subsystem 108 b, a system administrator 104 may physically remove one or more RAM cards from subsystem 108 b.

Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to method 300 depicted in FIG. 3 . Method 300 may include more, fewer, or other steps. For example, steps may be performed in parallel or in any suitable order. While discussed as capacity optimizing tool 102 (or components thereof) performing the steps, any suitable component of system 100, such as device(s) 106, and/or subsystems 108, for example, may perform one or more steps of the method.

III. Sending Alerts to Applications in Shared Environments

In certain embodiments, applications 114 that are installed on subsystems 108 a through 108 c may share computational resources. In such embodiments, increased demand by a first application 114 a for shared computational resources 202 a may adversely affect a second application 114 b executing concurrently with first application 114 a on subsystem 108 a. FIG. 4 presents a flowchart illustrating an example method 400 by which capacity optimizing tool 102 may generate alerts and otherwise act to help prevent predicted future increases in the demands by a first application for shared computational resources from adversely affected a second application.

In step 402 capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors subsystems 108 a through 108 c and external server 124 for events 138 that may lead to increased demand on computational resources 202 a through 202 c. In step 404 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether the tool has detected any such events 138. If, in step 404 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that it has detected an event 138 that may lead to an increased demand on any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c, in step 406 capacity optimizing tool 102 applies machine learning algorithm 136 to predict application-specific future resource usages 210 of computational resources 202 a through 202 c. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may apply machine learning algorithm 136 to predict future resource usages of computational resource 202 a at a future time 212 by (1) first application 114 a and (2) second application 114 b. In step 408 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether any of the predicted application-specific future resource usages are greater than a threshold. As an example, in certain embodiments where first application 114 a and second application 114 b generally share computational resource 202 a approximately equally, capacity tool 102 may determine whether: (1) the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a is greater than half of the total capacity 204 a of computational resource 202 a, and/or (2) the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by second application 114 b is greater than half of the total capacity 204 a of computational resource 202 a. If, in step 408 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that none of the predicted application-specific future resource usages are greater than the threshold, method 400 returns to step 402.

If, in step 408 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that one or more of the predicted application-specific future resource usages are greater than the threshold, in step 410 capacity optimizing tool 102 transmits an alert 142 to any applications 114 sharing the same computational resources as the application(s) 114 associated with these predicted future resource usages. For example, if, in step 408 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a is greater than the threshold, in step 410 capacity optimizing tool 102 transmits an alert 142 to second application 114 b. Alert 142 may include any suitable information. As an example, in certain embodiments, alert 142 indicates to second application 114 b that the usage of shared computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a is expected to increase at a future time. As another example, in certain embodiments, alert 142 indicates to second application 114 b that the usage of shared computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a is expected to remain above a threshold for a period of time. In some such embodiments, alert 142 includes instructions for second application 114 b to pause execution over that period of time.

In step 412 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether any of the total predicted future resource usages of one or more of computational resources 202 a through 202 c will exceed the corresponding capacities 204 a through 204 c of the computational resources. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may determine whether the total predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a will exceed capacity 204 a of computational resource 202 a, where the total predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a includes the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a and the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by second application 114 b. If, in step 412 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that none of the total predicted future resource usages for any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c will exceed the corresponding capacities 204 a through 204 c of the computational resources, method 400 returns to step 402.

If, in step 412 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that the total predicted future resource usages of one or more of computational resources 202 a through 202 c will exceed the corresponding capacities 204 a through 204 c of the computational resources, in step 414 capacity optimizing tool 102 increases the capacities of those computational resources. For example, if, in step 412 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that the total predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a will exceed capacity 204 a (as an example, the predicted future resource usage of computational resource 202 a by first application 114 a will exceed capacity 204 a), in step 414 capacity optimizing tool 102 increases capacity 204 a by adding resources from buffer 120 to computational resource 202 a.

In step 416 capacity optimizing tool 102 monitors the resource usages of computational resources 202 a through 202 c. In step 418 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines whether any of computational resources 202 a through 202 c have excess capacity. For example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may determine that computational resource 202 a has excess capacity where the resource usage of computational resource 202 a has remained below a given threshold for a set period of time. If, in step 418 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that none of computational resources 202 a through 202 c have excess capacity, method 400 returns to step 416. If, in step 418 capacity optimizing tool 102 determines that one or more of computational resources 202 a through 202 c has excess capacity, in step 420 capacity optimizing tool 102 removes the excess capacity. As an example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 releases computational resources back to resource buffer 120. As another example, in certain embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 transmits an instruction 142 to release computational resources. For example, capacity optimizing tool 102 may transmit an instruction 142 to a hosting provider of subsystems 108 a through 108 c (e.g., a cloud computing host), for execution by the hosting provider to release excess capacity. In some embodiments, capacity optimizing tool 102 may transmit an instruction 142 to a system administrator 104, instructing the system administrator to physically release computational resources from subsystems 108 a through 108 c. For instance, in response to receiving an instruction 142 to reduce the capacity of the RAM associated with subsystem 108 a, a system administrator 104 may physically remove one or more RAM cards from subsystem 108 b.

Modifications, additions, or omissions may be made to method 400 depicted in FIG. 4 . Method 400 may include more, fewer, or other steps. For example, steps may be performed in parallel or in any suitable order. While discussed as capacity optimizing tool 102 (or components thereof) performing the steps, any suitable component of system 100, such as device(s) 106, and/or subsystems 108, for example, may perform one or more steps of the method.

Although the present disclosure includes several embodiments, a myriad of changes, variations, alterations, transformations, and modifications may be suggested to one skilled in the art, and it is intended that the present disclosure encompass such changes, variations, alterations, transformations, and modifications as falling within the scope of the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A system comprising: a first subsystem comprising a first computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the first computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; a database configured to store training data comprising: a set of historical data for the first subsystem, the set of historical data comprising values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over a period of time; and a first set of historical events, each historical event of the first set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the first computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; a memory configured to store a machine learning algorithm, the machine learning algorithm trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of an event, that a future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at a future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and a hardware processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the hardware processor configured to: detect that the event has occurred; and in response to detecting that the event has occurred: apply the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and prior to the future time, increase the capacity of the first computational resource such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the new maximum value greater that the future value; wherein: a first application executing on the first subsystem and a second application executing on the first subsystem share the first computational resource; the values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over the period of time comprise: first values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application over the period of time; and second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of a second event, that a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at a second future time will be greater than a threshold; and the hardware processor is further configured to: detect that the second event has occurred; and in response to detecting that the second event has occurred: apply the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at the second future time will be greater than the threshold; and transmit an alert to the second application, the alert indicating that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application is expected to increase.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: obtain a value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at a second time greater than the future time; determine that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, decrease the increased capacity of the first computational resource.
 3. The system of claim 1, wherein: the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for a second period of time, the second period of time comprising the second future time; the processor further applies the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computation resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for the second period of time; and the alert further comprises an instruction to the second application to pause execution during the second period of time.
 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to: predict, based on the second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time ending, a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application at the second future time; calculate, by summing the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application and the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application, a combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; determine that the combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource is greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein the capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the combined future value is greater than the maximum value, prior to the second future time, increase the capacity of the first computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a second new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the second new maximum value greater that the combined future value.
 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second subsystem comprising a second computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the second computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource, wherein: the training data further comprises: a set of historical data for a second subsystem, the set of historical data for the second subsystem comprising values of the resource usage of the second computational resource over the period of time; and a second set of historical events, each historical event of the second set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the second computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that a future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at a second future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; the processor further applies the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at the second future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the processor is further configured, prior to the second future time, to increase the capacity of the second computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the second computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource, the new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource greater than the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource.
 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second subsystem comprising a second computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the second computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource, wherein: the training data further comprises: a set of historical data for a second subsystem, the set of historical data for the second subsystem comprising values of the resource usage of the second computational resource over the period of time; and a second set of historical events, each historical event of the second set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the second computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; and the processor is further configured to: in response to increasing the capacity of the first computational resource: determine that the first subsystem is scheduled to transmit data to the second subsystem at a second future time; predict, based on the set of historical data for the second subsystem, that an available capacity of the second computational resource at the second future time is less than a predicted resource usage of the second computational resource associated with processing the data; and in response to predicting that the available capacity of the second computational resource at the second future time is less than the predicted resource usage, prevent the data from reaching the second subsystem.
 7. A method comprising: detecting that an event has occurred; in response to detecting that the event has occurred: applying a machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that a future value of a resource usage of a first computational resource at a future time will be greater than a maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein: the first computational resource has a capacity and is associated with the resource usage, the capacity of the first computational resource corresponding to the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; the machine learning algorithm is trained, based on training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein the training data comprises: a set of historical data for a first subsystem, wherein: the first subsystem comprises the first computational resource; and the set of historical data comprises values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over a period of time; and a first set of historical events, each historical event of the first set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the first computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; prior to the future time, increasing the capacity of the first computational resource such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the new maximum value greater that the future value; wherein: a first application executing on the first subsystem and a second application executing on the first subsystem share the first computational resource; the values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over the period of time comprise: first values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application over the period of time; and second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of a second event, that a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at a second future time will be greater than a threshold; and the method further comprises: detecting that the second event has occurred; and in response to detecting that the second event has occurred: applying the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at the second future time will be greater than the threshold; and transmitting an alert to the second application, the alert indicating that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application is expected to increase.
 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: obtaining a value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at a second future time greater than the future time; determining that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second future time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, decreasing the increased capacity of the first computational resource.
 9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for a second period of time, the second period of time comprising the second future time; applying the machine learning algorithm is further performed to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computation resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for the second period of time; and the alert further comprises an instruction to the second application to pause execution during the second period of time.
 10. The method of claim 7, further comprising: predicting, based on the second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time, a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application at the second future time; calculating, by summing the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application and the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application, a combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; determining that the combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource is greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein the capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the combined future value is greater than the maximum value, and prior to the second future time, increasing the capacity of the first computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a second new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the second new maximum value greater that the combined future value.
 11. The method of claim 7, wherein: the training data further comprises: a set of historical data for a second subsystem, wherein: the second subsystem comprises a second computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the second computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the set of historical data for the second subsystem comprises values of the resource usage of the second computational resource over the period of time; and a second set of historical events, each historical event of the second set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the second computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that a future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at a second future will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; applying the machine learning algorithm is further performed to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at the second future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the method further comprises, prior to the second future time, increasing the capacity of the second computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the second computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource, the new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource greater than the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource.
 12. The method of claim 7, wherein: the training data further comprises a set of historical data for a second subsystem, wherein: the second subsystem comprises a second computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the second computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the method further comprises: in response to increasing the capacity of the first computational resource: determining that the first subsystem is scheduled to transmit data to the second subsystem at a second future time; predicting, based on the set of historical data for the second subsystem, that an available capacity of the second computational resource at the second future time is less than a predicted resource usage of the second computational resource associated with processing the data; and in response to predicting that the available capacity of the second computational resource at the second future time is less than the predicted resource usage, preventing the data from reaching the second subsystem.
 13. An apparatus comprising: a memory configured to store a machine learning algorithm, the machine learning algorithm trained, based on training data, to predict, based on an occurrence of an event, that a future value of a resource usage of a first computational resource at a future time will be greater than a maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein: the first computational resource has a capacity and is associated with the resource usage, the capacity of the first computational resource corresponding to the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and the training data comprises: a set of historical data for a first subsystem, wherein: the first subsystem comprises the first computational resource; and the set of historical data comprises values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over a period of time; and a first set of historical events, each historical event of the first set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the first computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; and a hardware processor communicatively coupled to the memory, the hardware processor configured to: detect that the event has occurred; and in response to detecting that the event has occurred: apply the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and prior to the future time, increase the capacity of the first computational resource such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the new maximum value greater that the future value; wherein: a first application executing on the first subsystem and a second application executing on the first subsystem share the first computational resource; the values of the resource usage of the first computational resource over the period of time comprise: first values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application over the period of time; and second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of a second event, that a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at a second future time will be greater than a threshold; and the hardware processor is further configured to: detect that the second event has occurred; and in response to detecting that the second event has occurred: apply the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application at the second future time will be greater than the threshold; and transmit an alert to the second application, the alert indicating that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application is expected to increase.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to: obtain a value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at a second time greater than the future time; determine that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the value of the resource usage of the first computational resource at the second time is less than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, decrease the increased capacity of the first computational resource.
 15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the set of historical data and the first set of historical events, to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for a second period of time, the second period of time comprising the second future time; the processor further applies the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the second event, that the resource usage of the first computation resource by the first application will be greater than the threshold for the second period of time; and the alert further comprises an instruction to the second application to pause execution during the second period of time.
 16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the hardware processor is further configured to: predict, based on the second values of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application over the period of time, a second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application at the second future time; calculate, by summing the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the first application and the second future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource by the second application, a combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; determine that the combined future value of the resource usage of the first computational resource is greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, wherein the capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to the maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource; and in response to determining that the combined future value is greater than the maximum value, prior to the second future time, increase the capacity of the first computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the first computational resource corresponds to a second new maximum value of the resource usage of the first computational resource, the second new maximum value greater that the combined future value.
 17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein: the training data further comprises: a set of historical data for a second subsystem, wherein: the second subsystem comprises a second computational resource having a capacity and associated with a resource usage, the capacity of the second computational resource corresponding to a maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the set of historical data for the second subsystem comprises values of the resource usage of the second computational resource over the period of time; and a second set of historical events, each historical event of the second set of historical events occurring at an event time and associated with an increase in the resource usage of the second computational resource occurring at a time later than the event time; the machine learning algorithm is further trained, based on the training data, to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that a future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at a second future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; the processor further applies the machine learning algorithm to predict, based on the occurrence of the event, that the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource at the second future time will be greater than the maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource; and the processor is further configured, prior to the second future time, to increase the capacity of the second computational resource, such that the increased capacity of the second computational resource corresponds to a new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource, the new maximum value of the resource usage of the second computational resource greater than the future value of the resource usage of the second computational resource. 